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Portuguese Object Pronouns
Portuguese object pronouns can be tricky at first—especially when deciding whether they’re direct or indirect, and where they belong in a sentence.
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Portuguese Reflexive Verbs
In Portuguese, the reflexive pronoun se isn’t just a detail—it can completely change a verb’s meaning and how the sentence works.
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Portuguese Defective Verbs
Defective verbs in Portuguese behave differently: they skip most conjugations and appear only in third-person forms, often with object pronouns instead of subjects.
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Portuguese Conditionals
Understanding how Portuguese handles conditional sentences means learning how to pair verb tenses across clauses—just like English does with 'if' and its consequences.
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Portuguese Impersonal ‘se’
You might know 'se' as the word for 'if' or as part of reflexive verbs—but it also plays a key role in impersonal sentences.
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Adjectives vs Adverbs
While both adjectives and adverbs add detail to sentences, they do so in distinct ways—this article will help you spot the difference with ease.
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Past Subjunctive in Portuguese
When the action is imagined, wished for, or dependent on something else—especially in the past—Portuguese turns to the Past Subjunctive.
Spelling Reform
Understanding which spellings align with the reform is key—especially when encountering mixed usage in newspapers, books, and online content.
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Portuguese Imperative – All Verbs
The key to unlocking Imperative forms in Portuguese lies in the Present Subjunctive, which serves as the foundation for commands and requests.
Portuguese Sound /s/
Portuguese has multiple spellings to represent the /s/ sound, from s at the beginning of words to ç, ss, and even x in exceptional cases.
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Futuro Subjunctive in Portuguese
To describe hypothetical situations that may unfold in the future, Portuguese relies on the Future Subjunctive.
Z vs /z/ in Portuguese
Although Z often corresponds to the /z/ sound in Portuguese, it can also render /ʃ/, especially at the end of words like 'paz' or 'luz'.
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Present Subjunctive in Portuguese – Part 3
When the action is hypothetical, wished for, or dependent on something else, Portuguese speakers turn to the Present Subjunctive.
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Condicional in Portuguese
To talk about what someone would do, say, or want, Portuguese offers the Conditional—but in spoken language, the Imperfect is often preferred.
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Present Subjunctive in Portuguese – Part 2
The Present Subjunctive is used when the speaker isn’t stating a fact, but rather expressing a possibility, emotion, or intention.
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Há vs Por vs Durante in Portuguese
Although há, por, and durante can all relate to time, their usage depends on whether you're referring to the present, past, or future—and whether you're describing duration or a point in time.
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Present Subjunctive in Portuguese – Part 1
The Present Subjunctive appears in sentences that involve hope, fear, recommendations, or conditions—often introduced by conjunctions like que, se, or quando.
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Present Subjunctive in Portuguese – Conjugation
To form the Present Subjunctive in Portuguese, verbs take on new endings that reflect uncertainty, emotion, or indirect commands.
