Portuguese-English Cognates: Boost Your Portuguese Vocab Overnight

Here you are, learning a new language and probably assuming you are starting from ground zero. What if that’s not the case at all?  What if you are more acquainted with Portuguese than you realize?

In this article, I will show you a powerful hack to grow your Portuguese vocab rapidly.

See, if you are familiar with English, you already know thousands of Portuguese words! Let me elaborate. Cognates, specifically English-Portuguese cognates, create a considerable vocab overlap between these two languages.

Cognates?

Cognates are words that look similar on both ends while sharing the same meaning (due to a common root). English and Portuguese share thousands of words stemming from either Latin or Greek.

In this article, I will give you more than just a random list of common English-Portuguese cognates (e.g., banana, radio, natural, animal, etc). Accordingly, you will learn to use your pre-existent knowledge in English by pointing it toward Portuguese, which will exponentially increase your Portuguese vocabulary overnight.

It is straightforward. You will be mining your English vocab by converting English words to their Portuguese counterparts – all it takes is a few tweaks in spelling and pronunciation. Let’s dive in.

Spanish speakers! Read an analogous article concerning Portuguese-Spanish cognates: Portuguese-Spanish Cognates and False Friends.

Not all cognates are made equal. While many cognates share their meaning, there are instances where the semantic overlap is imperfect. For instance, words that are closely related but are nonetheless used in slightly different ways. Also, there are cognates whose meanings have largely drifted apart with time, so much so that they’ve become so-called false cognates, also known as False Friends.

Noun cognates

ion > ão 

This group is the largest within the noun category. Due to slight variations in the spelling patterns, it can be divided into three subgroups.

Common to all the subgroups: nearly all Portuguese cognates are feminine words. Also, all these cognates are stressed on the last syllable and produce a nasal diphthong sound (indicated by the tilde accent).

Let’s look into each subgroup and its cognates:

tion > ção

This subgroup comprises English nouns ending with –tion and their Portuguese counterparts with -ção. Here are some examples:

…tion	…ção
station	a estação
nation	a nação
animation	a animação
alteration	a alteração
education	a educação
assimilation	a assimilação
introduction	a introdução
operation	a operação
. . .	. . .

sion > são

The cognates in this subgroup take the endings -sion and -são on the English and Portuguese ends respectively.

Note that the endings –ção (previous subgroup) and –são produce different consonant sounds, namely, an unvoiced sibilant (as in simple) and a voiced one (as in zebra) respectively. A few examples:

…sion	…são
division	a divisão
transfusion	a transfusão
conclusion	a conclusão
invasion	a invasão
aversion	a aversão
dimension	a dimensão
precision	a precisão
confusion	a confusão
. . .	. . .