Many Portuguese language learners struggle to discern between expressions such as Desculpa, Com licença, or Por favor. These are so-called “politeness” expressions and, as their name implies, help you sound more polite. It is therefore important that you understand and use them well. Read on.
Desculpa
Desculpa in Portuguese can mean “sorry” or “excuse me” depending on the context. Sure enough, our tone changes accordingly when we mean one or the other.
Let’s look at a few examples for each case.
Sorry
Desculpa! Não foi por querer.
I’m sorry. It was not on purpose.
Excuse me
Desculpa, sabes que horas são?
Excuse me, do you have the time?
Desculpa vs. Desculpe
Sometimes you hear Desculpa, sometimes Desculpe. The difference is that the former is informal (tu) while the latter is formal (você).
Perdão = Desculpe
Perdão means the same as Desculpe and can also be used as “sorry” or “excuse me”. If anything, Perdão sounds more old-fashioned and perhaps a little more ceremonial. (This might be subjective though.)
Com licença
Com licença means “excuse me,” just like Desculpe (formal). Let’s look at a few examples:
Com licença, posso passar?
Excuse me, could I get through?
Com licença, posso entrar?
Excuse me, can I come in?
Por favor
Por favor means “please”. We say Por favor mainly in two situations – when being polite or begging for something.
Being polite/courteous
Um café, por favor.
An espresso, please.
Entre, por favor.
Please come in.
Por favor = (Se) faz favor
Se faz favor (oftentimes we drop that se at the beginning) is a variant of Por favor. Both are commonplace and interchangeable:
Um café, por favor. = Um café, faz favor.
Now, when someone is delivering or bringing something to you (e.g. a waiter at the coffee shop), they might say Faz favor as in “There you go”:
Faz favor, aqui está o seu café.
There you go, here’s your coffee.
Begging
The other Por favor is when you are begging for something:
Por favor, não faça isso.
Please, don’t do that.
Note that in this context, you only use Por favor (and never Se faz favor)
